Combination-lock



n. 1. NEWMAN.

COMBINATION LOCK. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1917.

1,357,720. Patented Nov, 2, 1920.

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- Amm Z/ Z9 4 ,Z0/gf UNITED STATES DAVID J'. NEWMAN, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

' COMBINATION-Loon.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1920.

Application filed May 29, 1917. Serial No. 171,778'.

To all whom it 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, DAVID J. NEWMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bualo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Combination Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a combination lock adapted for use on the doorsof freight cars and the'like, and is an im rovement in the device shown in Letters atent of the United States No. 1,136,357, granted to me April 20, 1915.

lts object is the provision of a simple, strong and reliable lock of this character' which can be manufactured at a reasonable cost.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a fragmentary side view of a freight car equipped with my improved lock. Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section of the same, lengthwise of the freight car. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section on line 3 8, Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are horizontal sections on` the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary,

perspective view of the locking bolt. Fig. 7 is atop plan of one of the tumblers.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

1 indicates the casing of the lock which is preferably rectangular in .form and se-` cured in a vertical position to the car body 2. In the construction shown, the face of the car body adjacent the door opening is provided with a recess 3 in which this casing is arranged and in which it is secured by bolts et applied from the inside of the car so as to be concealed from view and inaccessible to car burglars. A locking eyel or lug 5 is preferably movably fastened to the front edge of the ear door 6, by means of a staple 7 passing through. a slot or elongated opening 8 in the adjacent rear portion of said eye. As shown in the drawings, the rear end of this eye is arranged between thevnner and outer walls of the car door, while its front end extends beyond the edge of the door and passes through an opening 1 in the side of the lockcasing.

9 indicates a locking pin or bolt passing vertically and upwardly into a cylindrical bore or chamberv 10 of the lock casing, the opening 11 of the locking eye 5 and through a series of circular tumblers or washers 12. These tumblers are arranged one above another in the casing 1 and fill the space between the upper side of the eye 5 and the upper end of said chamber. The uppermost tumbler bears with its upperside against Y an inwardly-'extending shoulder 13 formed.

in the upper part of said chamber, while the lo'wermost tumbler is provided in its bore with a tapering seat 141 adapted to rest on a Correspondinglyshaped shoulder 15 formed atv the lower end of the locking bolt. These tumblers are closely fitted in the opening of the casing 1- so that they are centered by it. By this construction, the tumblers are positively held against displacement vertically of the case, in the closed position of the door, and yet are free to rotate therein when it is desired to work the combination for unlocking the door.

In the preferred construction shown in the drawings, they tumblers are provided in diametrically-opposite sides'of their bores with notches 16 extending entirely through them and adaptedy to receive two rows of teeth or projections 17 arranged on diametrically opposite sides of the locking bolt 9. These teeth are abrupt on theirl undersides and in clined on their upper sides, while the lateral edges or cornersof their inclined and abrupt faces are chamfered, as shown at 17L and 17". The edges of the notches in the tumblers are likewise preferably chamfered. This construction facilitates the turning of the tumblers .in the act of unlocking the bolt and avoids binding or catching of the boltteeth on the tumblers. These chamfered edges also serve to accurately aline the tumbler notches in inserting the bolt, in case they should be slightly out of line.

In its underside each tumbler is provided with a beveled recess 18 which receives the corresponding upper side of the contiguous pair of bolt teeth. On its face, each tumbler has an annulairow of suitable combinationindications, such as letters or numerals which are exposed one at a time through a vertical sight opening 2O in the front side of the lock casing. To facilitate the turning of the tumblers, verticalgrooves or depressions 21 may be provided at suitable intervals in their faces.

The locking bolt 9 is provided below the tapering shoulder 15 with a neck portion 22.

preferably of cylindrical form, which engages the eye 5 and thereby locks the door. Below this neck portion, the bolt is provided with a head or enlargementV 23 between which and the lowerinost tumbler the eye is confined when in its locked position. At its lower rear side, the locking bolt may be pro# vided with a key or feather 24C arranged to engage a keyway 25 iny the casing for the purpose of preventing the bolt from turning inthe casing.

' To facilitate the withdrawal of the bolt in unlocking the door, the underside of the` bolt-head2?) may be provided with iinger notches orl recesses 26.

The ifront sideot the casing 1` is preferablyH providedwith a Vshield or cover plate 27 whose side edges are bent inwardly to form lips or guide flanges 28 which are adapted to engage corresponding grooves 29 formed in the sides oi' the casing and extendingthe full length thereof. The upper edge of this shield is also bent inward to form a stop lii't or flange 30 which is adapted to` engage a groove 3l in the upper side of the lock casing and thereby limit the downward movement'ot' said shield. A suitable finger piece 3 2 may be provided for slidingthe shield up and down when necfy essary. By thus-covering the exposed front side or" thelock in the manner described, the same is weather proof and rusting Vor corroding of the parts is prevented.

Immediately below the lock casing, thel face of the car body 2 is recessed, as shown at 33, for a distance suilicient to permit the reception of the bolt and tumblers when the same are removed for releasing the looking eye 5 preparatory to opening the door.

By arranging the locking bolt and tumblers vertically or at right angles to the locking eye, any strains due to the lhorizontal vibration of the car, are exertedcrosswise of the boltA at and adjacent to its neck 22, avoiding stripping'of its teeth and rendering thelock stronger and more durable and reliable.

Certain oi' the letters or indications on the faces of the'tuinblers are arranged in line with their locking notches, so that when the several tumblers are turned to expose those particular lettersV through the sight.

opening in the lock casing, the notches ot the several tumbler-s will register with the teeth of the locking bolt, allowing the latter to drop out of the tumblers and into the recess 33 of the car body and unlocking` the latter. Assoon asthe door is opened and the locking eye withdrawn from the casing, the tumblers drop by gravity on to the locking bolt and remain there until' it is desiredto again lock the door. To lock the door, the tumblers,lwhile still in this registering position are removed from the bolt and inserted in the bore of the casing,

after which thev door is closed tightly against thedoor jamb and the locking bolt passed through the eye and the registered notches oi the several tumblers. 'l he latter are then rotated to cause their notches to break register Withthe teeth of the bolt.

The combination of the lock can be readily changed by transposing the tumblers or changing theirvorder, eachjtumbler bearing a row of letters orcharacters dii'- :tering in sequence or. arrangement from,

those oil the other tumblers, to, afford a large variety` of combinations. VEurthermore, such changes can be 'easily made by hand andl without the use .of tools.

The improved. combination lock, it will be noted, is comparatively simple and pos-YV and not liable to catch. on objects and bey injured or broken off.

l claim as my invention: v l. A combination lock, comprising a casing adaptedto be attached toy adoor-frame and provided in its sidewith an, opening, a series of tnmblers arranged insaidl casing, an' eye adaptedi to be attached to, a door transversely to the axis of' said tumblers.'

and to passthrough. said opening, j and a locking member passing through said eye and interlocking with said tumblers.

2. A combination lock comprising a casf.

ing closed at one end and open at its opposite end and provided in its side with an opening, rotary tumblers. arranged in the casing betweenits closed end and said opening,an eye arranged substantially` at right angles to said casing and adapted to enter said opening, anda locking bolt passino" through said eye and` saidL tumblers anc having means adapted to Vinterlock withthe tumblers.

3. A combination lock comprising an upright casing having. a sight opening, a ver-V tical series of rotatable tuinblers arranged.

in said casing and exposed through said opening, said tumblers having central openings provided with locking notches, the casing having a lateral opening below the lowermost tumbler, an` eye arranged" to enter said lateral opening, and a toothed' vertical locking bolt constructed to pass throughV said eye and tumblers and provided with' a shoulder for supporting the loWerInost tumbler.

4. The combination with a door carrying :L horizontal eye, of a door-frame provided in its face with an upright recess, a casing secured to the face of the frame above Said recess, said easing being closed at its upper end, opening at its lower end into said recess and provided with a lateral opening for said eye and the tumblers and interlocking Y With the latter.

DAVID J. NEWMAN. 

